Thank you for exploring Full Spectrum Synergy with OM Extracts! We offer playshops, learning experiences, and literature which are all grounded by the research findings of peer-reviewed scientific references. Email info@omextracts.com to learn about free training for Oregon dispensaries and free resources for Cannabis professionals around the world! Explore Infographics, Cannabis Interviews, Education, and Scientific Resources below:
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( ↓ all our Full Spectrum Poster and science infographics are included at the bottom of this webpage ↓ )
Why Choose Full Spectrum Cannabis Extracts and Tinctures?
Full Spectrum Cannabis extracts and tinctures are less processed and contain more medicinal compounds than THC/CBD isolates. Experience the “ensemble effect” with the natural synergy of Cannabis compounds together!
Explore current medical research featuring Full Spectrum Cannabis:
Neuropathic Pain and Inflammation:
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- “Full-spectrum cannabis extract demonstrates anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in pre-clinical studies.”
- “The presence of various terpenes and cannabinoids in full-spectrum cannabis extract contribute to the “entourage effect.”
- “Full-spectrum cannabis extract may represent a promising approach to treating pain and inflammation” Source Cited
- “In comparison with pure delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), full-spectrum products contain naturally occurring cannabinoids, reported to show improved efficacy or tolerability and patient preference, attributed to combinations of cannabinoids and other components in the cannabis plant.”
- “There is supportive data for the synergistic and entourage effects of cannabinoids, but definitive studies in analgesia are still required, from molecular mechanisms to clinical trials.” Source cited
- “Our findings suggest that these Cannabis terpenes are multifunctional cannabimimetic ligands that provide conceptual support for the entourage effect hypothesis and could be used to enhance the therapeutic properties of cannabinoids.” Source cited
Seizure:
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- “CBDa-enriched hemp extracts demonstrate anticonvulsant properties similar to CBD in an acute animal model of seizures. Furthermore, the inclusion of minor cannabinoid constituents with CBDa significantly enhances its potency, supporting the entourage effect theory of cannabinoid synergy.” Source cited
Read new Peer-Reviewed Medicinal Cannabis Resources
Below are some of the newest peer-reviewed science articles, grouped by medical issue:
Chronic Pain, Anxiety and Sleep:
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- “Our results indicate that controlled inhalation of pharmaceutical grade, THC-predominant cannabis flos is associated with a significant improvement in patient-reported pain scores, mood, anxiety, sleep disturbances and overall HRQoL in a treatment-resistant clinical population” Source cited (10/2022)
Inflammatory Bowel Disease:
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- “MC [Medical Cannabis] users with IBD [Inflammatory Bowel Disease] perceive symptom benefits and report decreased emergency room visits without serious adverse effects.” Source cited (10/2022)
What are the “raw” Acid-state Cannabinoids?
These medicinal Acid-state molecules include THCa, CBDa, CBCa, CBGa, and many more. Preliminary research and anecdotal evidence suggest these molecules will play a pivotal role in Cannabis medicine. In many studies, researchers found Cannabinoids were more effective for certain treatments when consumed raw. Humans can’t absorb abundant Acid-state Cannabinoids by smoking, vaping or dabbing Cannabis, or by consuming decarboxylated extracts. The best ways to absorb abundant Acid-state Cannabinoids are with Raw Cannabis flower (in drink, food, or capsule) and Raw CO2 FECO (under tongue, on skin, in drink, food, capsule, or suppository). Unlike most Cannabis extracts that are fully decarboxylated, OM Extracts offer abundant raw Acid-state Cannabinoids in our Raw CO2 FECO.
Explore current medical research featuring “Raw” Acid-state Cannabinoids:
- Covid-19: CBGa and CBDa “bind to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, blocking a critical step in the process the virus uses to infect people.” “Orally bioavailable and with a long history of safe human use, these cannabinoids, isolated or in hemp extracts, have the potential to prevent as well as treat infection by SARS-CoV-2.” Source Cited
- Nausea and Vomiting: “THCa may be a more potent alternative to THC in the treatment of nausea and vomiting.” “THCa may be a more desirable therapeutic treatment for nausea and vomiting than THC because it is both more potent and devoid of psychoactive properties. There is an intriguing parallel between the effects of THCa and the acid precursor of CBD, CBDa, on nausea and vomiting in our models.” Source Cited
- Neurodegenerative Diseases: “THCa and CBD treatment at a concentration of 10 μM lead to significantly increased cell counts [of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive neurons] to 123% and 117%, respectively. Even though no significant preservation or recovery of neurite outgrowth to control values could be observed, our data show that cannabinoids THC and THCa protect dopaminergic neurons against MPP(+) induced cell death.” Source Cited
- Breast Cancer: “the results obtained here demonstrated that i) CBDA had dual inhibitory effects on COX-2 through down-regulation and enzyme inhibition, and ii) CBDa may possess the ability to suppress genes that are positively involved in the metastasis of cancer cells in vitro.” Source Cited
- Diabetes and Diabetic Complications: “Aldose reductase (ALR2) is a key enzyme involved in diabetic complications and the search for new aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs) is currently very important…we have investigated the inhibitory effects of extracts and their fractions from two Cannabis sativa L. chemotypes with high content of cannabidiol (CBD)/cannabidiolic acid (CBDa) and cannabigerol (CBG)/cannabigerolic acid (CBGa), respectively, on human recombinant and pig kidney aldose reductase activity in vitro. A molecular docking study was performed to evaluate the interaction of these cannabinoids with the active site of ALR2 compared to known ARIs. The extracts showed significant dose-dependent aldose reductase inhibitory activity (>70%) and higher than fractions. The inhibitory activity of the fractions was greater for acidic cannabinoid-rich fractions [CBDa, CBGa].” Source Cited
- Metabolic Disorders like Diabetes and Dyslipidemia: “Our work broadens the activity spectrum of CBDa, CBGa, and CBG by providing evidence that these pCBs act as dual PPARα/γ agonists with the ability to modulate the lipid metabolism.” “Dual PPARα/γ agonists have emerged as an attractive alternative to selective PPAR agonists to treat metabolic disorders. We identified some pCBs as dual PPARα/γ agonists, potentially useful for the treatment of dyslipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.” Source Cited
- MRSA (Staphylococcus aureus): “One phytocannabinoid, cannabichromenic acid (CBCa), demonstrated faster and more potent bactericidal activity than vancomycin, the currently recommended antibiotic for the treatment of MRSA infections. Such bactericidal activity was sustained against low-and high-dose inoculums as well as exponential- and stationary-phase MRSA cells. Further, mammalian cell viability was maintained in the presence of CBCa. Finally, microscopic evaluation suggests that CBCa may function through the degradation of the bacterial lipid membrane and alteration of the bacterial nucleoid. The results of the current study provide encouraging evidence that cannabinoids may serve as a previously unrecognized resource for the generation of novel antibiotics active against MRSA.” Source Cited
- Seizure: “Cannabidiolic acid (CBDa) is anticonvulsant in rat maximal electroshock seizure test.” “CBDa exhibits anticonvulsant effects comparable to cannabidiol (CBD). Augmentation of CBDa’s potency is consistent with the entourage effect.” Source Cited
What is CBG?
Cannabigerol (CBG) is a common cannabinoid that has been getting more scientific attention recently. The Cannabis plant can contain upwards of 100+ Cannabinoids, and CBG is the precursor to all Cannabinoids in immature Cannabis plants. Despite how common it is in low potencies in immature plants, CBG is still quite rare in finished Cannabis flowers at large therapeutic doses. Oregon CBD has bred a variety called “CBG White” which we have available now. Read on for more about CBG, or skip straight to our Canna-Lite page for more about our CBG White!
Check out some of the latest CBG Research:
- Stress and Anxiety: CBG may affect serotonin and adrenaline uptake, affecting stress/anxiety and typically boosting mood. In this article, the authors reference CBG as “highly potent against for α2 adrenoceptor and a blocker of serotonin 5-HT1A receptor [which] underscores the potential importance of [CBG] and other alkaloids in the psychoactive profile of cannabis.” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/22280339/ - Pain Relief: “Based on its antioxidant activities, CBG may hold great promise as an anti-oxidant agent and therefore used in clinical practice as a new approach in oxidative-stress related disorders.” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/28348416/ - Neuroprotection, Neuromodulators, and Antioxidant Effects: “…these results indicated the neuroprotective effects of CBG, that may be a potential treatment against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC7279038/ and https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ pmc/articles/PMC6073490/. “Neuroprotective and Neuromodulatory Effects Induced by Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol in Rat Hypo-E22 cells and Isolated Hypothalamus” is a fascinating read, with this take-home message: “The CBD modulates hypothalamic neuromodulators consistently with its anorexigenic role, whereas the CBG effect on the same mediators suggests alternative mechanisms, possibly involving peripheral pathways.” In other words, CBD and CBG may both have big positive effects on the part of the brain responsible for regulating temperature, hunger, sleep, and hormones: the thalamus. Neuroprotectors and neuromodulators repair, rebuild, and regenerate the nervous system, its cells, structures, and functions. - Autoimmune Disorders: “This study highlights the therapeutic potential of VCE-003 [A cannabigerol quinone] as an agent for the treatment of human immune diseases with both inflammatory and autoimmune components.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC3984273/ - Multiple Sclerosis (MS): “A cannabigerol quinone, the compound VCE-003, has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS).” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.
gov/16317825/ - Cancer: “Colon carcinogenesis is inhibited by the TRPM8 antagonist cannabigerol, a Cannabis-derived non-psychotropic cannabinoid” https://academic.oup.com/
carcin/article/35/12/2787/ 335166 - Inflammatory Bowel Disease: “The CB2 receptor pathway was also found to modulate the favorable effects of cannabigerol (CBG), a non-psychotropic cannabinoid capable of reducing nitric oxide production in macrophages and attenuating murine DNBS-induced colitis in both a preventive (pretreatment) model and therapeutic (established colitis) model” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC6038810/ - MRSA: Uncovering the hidden antibiotic potential of Cannabis is an in-depth journal article about CBG and MRSA, and notes that Cannabinoids are much safer than most commercially-available antibacterial agents due to the antibiotic resistance of many common bacteria.
- Dental Health: CBG along with other cannabinoids “were more effective in reducing the bacterial colony count in dental plaques as compared to the well-established synthetic oral care products such as Oral B and Colgate.” The Pub Med article Comparison of Efficacy of Cannabinoids versus Commercial Oral Care Products in Reducing Bacterial Content from Dental Plaque concludes “cannabinoids have the potential to be used as an effective antibacterial agent against dental plaque-associated bacteria. Moreover, it provides a safer alternative for synthetic antibiotics to reduce the development of drug resistance.”
How are CBG and CBD Similar and Different?
- Both offer non-intoxicating effects
- Both are researched for anxiety, pain, inflammation, sleep, and more
- CBD only interacts with the CB2 receptor, while CBG interacts with both the CB1 and CB2 receptors. This means CBG may affect the nervous system more than CBD Source Cited
- “Studies indicate that CBG may have therapeutic potential in treating neurological disorders (e.g., Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Multiple Sclerosis) and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as having antibacterial activity…”
- “First, there is potential for CBG as a major player in the treatment of metabolic disease…to improve insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis…”
- “Second, several studies have described the neuroprotective effects of CBG…Other sources have reported a reduction in age-related cognitive decline in patients with neurodegenerative disease…”
- “Third, similar to other phytocannabinoid derivatives, CBG may play an important role for improving the drug cocktails of patients who struggle with disorders of executive function, such as schizophrenia and ADHD”
- “Finally, researchers have studied the effects of CBG as a safe appetite stimulant in chemotherapy-related appetite suppression in vitro and as an agent that reduces in vitro signs of pathology in colitis and colorectal cancer.” Source Cited
- CBG affects how the body uptakes adrenaline (specifically, noradrenaline) which may affect anxiety, sleep, and muscle tissue Source Cited
- CBG may offer more muscle relief compared to CBD Source Cited
What is CBC?
Cannabichromene is an often overlooked Cannabinoid that has been under the research spotlight recently and is found naturally occurring in many OM Extracts products. This research roundup and quotes are from Leafly.
CBC works together with other Cannabinoids (see “the Ensemble Effect” above), and it is non-intoxicating. Although CBC doesn’t bind to CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the brain, it does bind with many other receptors that are linked to pain perception including the vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). The body releases more of its natural endocannabinoids, including anandamide, when CBC activates the TRPV1 and TRPA1. Source Cited
- Cancer: “CBC as a potential cancer fighter was first published in a 2006 study that looked at cannabinoids other than THC and their possible effects on cancer. While THC is known for its anti-tumor properties for several different forms of cancer, its powerful psychotropic qualities can make it difficult for chemotherapy use. So far, research has found CBC to be the second-most-potent cannabinoid at inhibiting the growth of new cancer cells (CBG was the most potent).” Source Cited
- Pain and Inflammation: “Cannabichromene has been shown to block pain and inflammation associated with collagen-induced osteoarthritis. Cannabinoids like CBC act on inflammation differently than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) do, and don’t have the side effects of these medications. In another example of the entourage effect, CBC in combination with THC had significant anti-inflammatory response in a recent animal study; together, the two cannabinoids produced a much greater effect on inflammation than by themselves.” Source 1 Source 2 Source 3
- Brain Cells: “In a 2013 mouse study, CBC had a positive effect on neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs), a cell essential to healthy brain function. NSPCs became more viable when in the presence of CBC, and that shows promise because NSPCs differentiate into astroglial cells, the most important cells for maintaining brain homeostasis. The astroglial cells perform a whole host of functions, including neurotransmitter direction and defending against oxidative stress. Astroglia counteracts many of these issues—oxidative stress, inflammation, toxicity—that create neurological diseases and brain pathologies like Alzheimer’s disease.” Source 1 Source 2
- Acne: “A research team that had previously shown CBD’s effect on acne studied other cannabinoids, including CBC, for the same effects. Indeed, CBC was shown to be a powerful inhibitor of acne. As a skin disease, acne is characterized by excess sebum production and sebaceous gland inflammation. It turns out that CBC exhibited powerful anti-inflammatory properties and also suppressed excessive lipid production in the sebaceous glands. CBC also reduced levels of arachidonic acid (AA), which is needed to create lipogenesis. More research is needed, but CBC might just one day become a very powerful anti-acne treatment. Source Cited
- Depression: “In another amazing display of the entourage effect, CBC appears to work in conjunction with both THC and CBD to deliver a trifecta of antidepressant properties.” Source Cited
What is THCV?
Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is a rare Cannabinoid found in less than 1% of Cannabis varietals. This unique molecule has been found most notably among African landrace cultivars including Durban Poison and Malawi Gold. Scientific THCV research has blossomed in the last couple decades, with popularity growing especially among medicinal patients:
Weight Loss, Obesity, Diabetes:
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- Researchers found “in rodent studies, THCV decreases appetite, increases satiety, and up-regulates energy metabolism, making it a clinically useful remedy for weight loss and management of obesity and type 2 diabetic patients.” Source Cited
- “Compared with placebo, THCV significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose…and improved pancreatic β-cell function…, adiponectin…, and apolipoprotein A…, although plasma HDL was unaffected.” “THCV could represent a new therapeutic agent in glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes.” Source Cited
- “THCV has potential for the treatment of obesity and impaired glucose tolerance without the adverse events that resulted in the removal of rimonabant from the market.” “There is a promise that medical marijuana may be part of the solution to the obesity and diabetes epidemic and may offer a safer replacement for rimonabant.” *editorial, not peer reviewed, in the International Journal of Obesity. Source Cited
Neuroprotection, Parkinson’s Disease:
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- “Given its antioxidant properties and its ability to activate CB2 but to block CB1 receptors, Δ9-THCV has a promising pharmacological profile for delaying disease progression in PD and also for ameliorating parkinsonian symptoms.” Source Cited
- “THCV improved motor activities, reduced neuronal loss and reduced microglial activation. THCV was able to preserve TH positive neurons (LPS model).” “Altogether, these features, along with evidence collected in this study, support Δ9-THCV as a neuroprotective agent.” Source Cited
- “The antioxidant and CB2 receptor agonist properties of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ9-THCV) afforded neuroprotection in experimental Parkinson’s disease”…”our data support the anti-dyskinetic potential of Δ9-THCV, both to delay the occurrence and to attenuate the magnitude of dyskinetic signs.” Source Cited
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Seizures:
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- “THCV significantly reduced seizure incidence.” “Δ9-THCV possesses antiepileptiform and anticonvulsant properties”…”Δ9-THCV possesses antiepileptiform properties in the PC in vitro, a brain area prone to epileptogenesis, likely via an interaction with CB1 receptors. Furthermore, Δ9-THCV caused a dose-related reduction in seizure incidence in an in vivo model of generalized seizures. We conclude that Δ9-THCV is a phytocannabinoid that warrants further investigation as a potentially useful anticonvulsant, either as a standalone agent or more likely as an adjunct to conventional AEDs.” Source Cited
2021 OM Extracts Interview with AskGrowers.com
- Learn how OM Extracts makes Full Spectrum Cannabis and Hemp Extracts using CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)
- Read about which Cannabis extracts may be right for you
- Explore recommendations for people who have never tried Canna oils before
- Review top 3 trends for 2021 Cannabis
- Consider our predictions for the next five years of Cannabis and Hemp
2019 OM Extracts Interview with Periodic Effects Cannabis Business & Science Podcast
- Learn about the importance of pure Cannabis extracts with no additives, especially for vaping
- Consider the dangers of common vape additives, like Vitamin E acetate
- Listen to a step-by-step explanation of how Cannabis flower becomes Cannabis extracts
- 2021 Update: Since recording this episode, Oregon Cannabis Vape products must now label if they have any non-Cannabis derived ingredients. Our team and many other Oregonians advocated for increased Cannabis vape safety measures, lawmakers changed the rules, and now patients and customers are safer and more informed with updated labels. Learn about the science and take a stand: the regulatory bodies are listening to your feedback and rule change suggestions!
Works Cited
Peer-reviewed articles for FULL SPECTRUM SYNERGY Playshops and Pamphlets:
Andre, Christelle M., et al. “Cannabis Sativa: The Plant of the Thousand and One Molecules.” Frontiers in Plant Science, vol. 7, 2016, doi:10.3389/fpls.2016.00019.
Izzo, Angelo A, et al. “Non-Psychotropic Plant Cannabinoids: New Therapeutic Opportunities from an Ancient Herb.” Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, vol. 30, no. 12, 2009, p. 609., doi:10.1016/j.tips.2009.10.007.
Maccallum, Caroline A., and Ethan B. Russo. “Practical Considerations in Medical Cannabis Administration and Dosing.” European Journal of Internal Medicine, vol. 49, 2018, pp. 12–19., doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2018.01.004.
McPartland, J. M., & Russo, E. B. (2001). Cannabis and cannabis extracts: Greater than the sum of their parts? Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, 1(3–4), 103–132. http://doi.org/10. 1300/J175v01n03_08.
Romano, Luigi., Hazekamp, Arno. “Cannabis oil: chemical evaluation of an upcoming cannabis-based medicine.” IACM Journal, vol. 1(1), 2013, pp. 1-11.
Russo, Ethan & Marcu, Jahan. (2017). Cannabis Pharmacology: The Usual Suspects and a Few Promising Leads. Advances in Pharmacology. 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.03.004.
Russo, E. B. (2011). Taming THC: Potential cannabis synergy and phytocannabinoid terpenoid entourage effects. British Journal of Pharmacology, 163(7), 1344–1364. http:// doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01238.x.
Russo, E. B. (2013). Cannabis strains: Do cannabis strains differ? Retrieved January 18, 2017, from http://www.cannabis-med.org/index.php?tpl¼faq&red¼faqlist&id¼278&lng¼en.
Russo, E. B. (2019). The Case for the Entourage Effect and Conventional Breeding of Clinical Cannabis: No “Strain,” No Gain. Frontiers in Plant Science”. Vol 9, Article 1969. Doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01969 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2018.01969/full
Russo, E. B., & Guy, G. W. (2006). A tale of two cannabinoids: The therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. Medical Hypotheses, 66(2), 234–246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2005.08.026.
Sinclair, Justin. An introduction to cannabis and the endocannabinoid system. Australian Journal of Herbal Medicine, Vol. 28, No. 4, 2016: 107-125.
Whittle, Brian A., et al. “Prospects for New Cannabis-Based Prescription Medicines.” Journal of Cannabis Therapeutics, vol. 1, no. 3-4, 2001, pp. 183–205., doi:10.1300/j175v01n03_12.
Zgair, A., Wong, J.C., Lee, J.B., Mistry, J., Sivak, O., Wasan, K.M., Hennig, I.M., Barrett, D.A., Constantinescu, C.S., Fischer, P.M., Gershkovich, P. (2016). Dietary fats and pharmaceutical lipid excipients increase systemic exposure to orally administered cannabis and cannabis-based medicines. American journal of translational research, 8(8), 3448-59. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5009397/
Zgair, A., et al. (2017). Oral administration of cannabis with lipids leads to high levels of cannabinoids in the intestinal lymphatic system and prominent immunomodulation. Scientific Reports, 7, Article 14542. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-15026-z/