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What is CBG?

Cannabigerol (CBG) is a common cannabinoid that has been getting more scientific attention recently. The Cannabis plant can contain upwards of 100+ Cannabinoids, and CBG is the precursor to all Cannabinoids in immature Cannabis plants. Despite how common it is in low potencies in immature plants, CBG is still quite rare in finished Cannabis flowers at large therapeutic doses. Oregon CBD has bred a variety called “CBG White” which we have available now. Read on for more about CBG, or skip straight to our Canna-Lite page for more about our CBG White!

Check out some of the latest CBG Research:

• Stress and Anxiety: CBG may affect serotonin and adrenaline uptake, affecting stress/anxiety and typically boosting mood. In this article, the authors reference CBG as “highly potent against for α2 adrenoceptor and a blocker of serotonin 5-HT1A receptor [which] underscores the potential importance of [CBG] and other alkaloids in the psychoactive profile of cannabis.” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22280339/
• Pain Relief: “Based on its antioxidant activities, CBG may hold great promise as an anti-oxidant agent and therefore used in clinical practice as a new approach in oxidative-stress related disorders.” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28348416/
• Neuroprotection, Neuromodulators, and Antioxidant Effects: “…these results indicated the neuroprotective effects of CBG, that may be a potential treatment against neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7279038/ and https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6073490/. “Neuroprotective and Neuromodulatory Effects Induced by Cannabidiol and Cannabigerol in Rat Hypo-E22 cells and Isolated Hypothalamus” is a fascinating read, with this take-home message: “The CBD modulates hypothalamic neuromodulators consistently with its anorexigenic role, whereas the CBG effect on the same mediators suggests alternative mechanisms, possibly involving peripheral pathways.” In other words, CBD and CBG may both have big positive effects on the part of the brain responsible for regulating temperature, hunger, sleep, and hormones: the thalamus. Neuroprotectors and neuromodulators repair, rebuild, and regenerate the nervous system, its cells, structures, and functions. 
• Autoimmune Disorders: “This study highlights the therapeutic potential of VCE-003 [A cannabigerol quinone] as an agent for the treatment of human immune diseases with both inflammatory and autoimmune components.” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984273/
• Multiple Sclerosis (MS): “A cannabigerol quinone, the compound VCE-003, has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a viral model of multiple sclerosis (MS).” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16317825/
• Cancer: “Colon carcinogenesis is inhibited by the TRPM8 antagonist cannabigerol, a Cannabis-derived non-psychotropic cannabinoid” https://academic.oup.com/carcin/article/35/12/2787/335166
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease: “The CB2 receptor pathway was also found to modulate the favorable effects of cannabigerol (CBG), a non-psychotropic cannabinoid capable of reducing nitric oxide production in macrophages and attenuating murine DNBS-induced colitis in both a preventive (pretreatment) model and therapeutic (established colitis) model” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6038810/
• MRSA: Uncovering the hidden antibiotic potential of Cannabis is an in-depth journal article about CBG and MRSA, and notes that Cannabinoids are much safer than most commercially-available antibacterial agents due to the antibiotic resistance of many common bacteria.
• Dental Health: CBG along with other cannabinoids “were more effective in reducing the bacterial colony count in dental plaques as compared to the well-established synthetic oral care products such as Oral B and Colgate.”  The Pub Med article Comparison of Efficacy of Cannabinoids versus Commercial Oral Care Products in Reducing Bacterial Content from Dental Plaque concludes “cannabinoids have the potential to be used as an effective antibacterial agent against dental plaque-associated bacteria. Moreover, it provides a safer alternative for synthetic antibiotics to reduce the development of drug resistance.”

How are CBG and CBD Similar and Different?

• Both offer non-intoxicating effects
• Both are researched for anxiety, pain, inflammation, sleep, and more
• CBD only interacts with the CB2 receptor, while CBG interacts with both the CB1 and CB2 receptors. This means CBG may affect the nervous system more than CBD Source Cited
• “​​Studies indicate that CBG may have therapeutic potential in treating neurological disorders (e.g., Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Multiple Sclerosis) and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as having antibacterial activity…”
• “First, there is potential for CBG as a major player in the treatment of metabolic disease…to improve insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis…”
• “Second, several studies have described the neuroprotective effects of CBG…Other sources have reported a reduction in age-related cognitive decline in patients with neurodegenerative disease…”
• “Third, similar to other phytocannabinoid derivatives, CBG may play an important role for improving the drug cocktails of patients who struggle with disorders of executive function, such as schizophrenia and ADHD”
• “Finally, researchers have studied the effects of CBG as a safe appetite stimulant in chemotherapy-related appetite suppression in vitro and as an agent that reduces in vitro signs of pathology in colitis and colorectal cancer.” Source Cited
• CBG affects how the body uptakes adrenaline (specifically, noradrenaline) which may affect anxiety, sleep, and muscle tissue Source Cited
• CBG may offer more muscle relief compared to CBD Source Cited

What is CBC?

Cannabichromene is an often overlooked Cannabinoid that has been under the research spotlight recently and is found naturally occurring in many OM Extracts products. This research roundup and quotes are from Leafly.

CBC works together with other Cannabinoids (see “the Ensemble Effect” above), and it is non-intoxicating. Although CBC doesn’t bind to CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the brain, it does bind with many other receptors that are linked to pain perception including the vanilloid receptor 1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). The body releases more of its natural endocannabinoids, including anandamide, when CBC activates the TRPV1 and TRPA1. Source Cited

• Cancer: “CBC as a potential cancer fighter was first published in a 2006 study that looked at cannabinoids other than THC and their possible effects on cancer. While THC is known for its anti-tumor properties for several different forms of cancer, its powerful psychotropic qualities can make it difficult for chemotherapy use. So far, research has found CBC to be the second-most-potent cannabinoid at inhibiting the growth of new cancer cells (CBG was the most potent).” Source Cited  
• Pain and Inflammation: “Cannabichromene has been shown to block pain and inflammation associated with collagen-induced osteoarthritis. Cannabinoids like CBC act on inflammation differently than non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) do, and don’t have the side effects of these medications. In another example of the entourage effect, CBC in combination with THC had significant anti-inflammatory response in a recent animal study; together, the two cannabinoids produced a much greater effect on inflammation than by themselves.” Source 1 Source 2 Source 3
• Brain Cells: “In a 2013 mouse study, CBC had a positive effect on neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs), a cell essential to healthy brain function. NSPCs became more viable when in the presence of CBC, and that shows promise because NSPCs differentiate into astroglial cells, the most important cells for maintaining brain homeostasis. The astroglial cells perform a whole host of functions, including neurotransmitter direction and defending against oxidative stress. Astroglia counteracts many of these issues—oxidative stress, inflammation, toxicity—that create neurological diseases and brain pathologies like Alzheimer’s disease.” Source 1 Source 2
• Acne: “A research team that had previously shown CBD’s effect on acne studied other cannabinoids, including CBC, for the same effects. Indeed, CBC was shown to be a powerful inhibitor of acne. As a skin disease, acne is characterized by excess sebum production and sebaceous gland inflammation. It turns out that CBC exhibited powerful anti-inflammatory properties and also suppressed excessive lipid production in the sebaceous glands. CBC also reduced levels of arachidonic acid (AA), which is needed to create lipogenesis. More research is needed, but CBC might just one day become a very powerful anti-acne treatment. Source Cited
• Depression: “In another amazing display of the entourage effect, CBC appears to work in conjunction with both THC and CBD to deliver a trifecta of antidepressant properties.” Source Cited

What is THCV?

Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV) is a rare Cannabinoid found in less than 1% of Cannabis varietals. This unique molecule has been found most notably among African landrace cultivars including Durban Poison and Malawi Gold. Scientific THCV research has blossomed in the last couple decades, with popularity growing especially among medicinal patients:

Weight Loss, Obesity, Diabetes:

• • Researchers found “in rodent studies, THCV decreases appetite, increases satiety, and up-regulates energy metabolism, making it a clinically useful remedy for weight loss and management of obesity and type 2 diabetic patients.” Source Cited
  • “Compared with placebo, THCV significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose…and improved pancreatic β-cell function…, adiponectin…, and apolipoprotein A…, although plasma HDL was unaffected.” “THCV could represent a new therapeutic agent in glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes.” Source Cited
  • “THCV has potential for the treatment of obesity and impaired glucose tolerance without the adverse events that resulted in the removal of rimonabant from the market.” “There is a promise that medical marijuana may be part of the solution to the obesity and diabetes epidemic and may offer a safer replacement for rimonabant.” *editorial, not peer reviewed, in the International Journal of Obesity.  Source Cited

Neuroprotection, Parkinson’s Disease:

• • • “Given its antioxidant properties and its ability to activate CB2 but to block CB1 receptors, Δ9-THCV has a promising pharmacological profile for delaying disease progression in PD and also for ameliorating parkinsonian symptoms.” Source Cited
    • “THCV improved motor activities, reduced neuronal loss and reduced microglial activation. THCV was able to preserve TH positive neurons (LPS model).” “Altogether, these features, along with evidence collected in this study, support Δ9-THCV as a neuroprotective agent.” Source Cited
    • “The antioxidant and CB2 receptor agonist properties of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ9-THCV) afforded neuroprotection in experimental Parkinson’s disease”…”our data support the anti-dyskinetic potential of Δ9-THCV, both to delay the occurrence and to attenuate the magnitude of dyskinetic signs.” Source Cited

Seizures:

• • “THCV significantly reduced seizure incidence.” “Δ9-THCV possesses antiepileptiform and anticonvulsant properties”…”Δ9-THCV possesses antiepileptiform properties in the PC in vitro, a brain area prone to epileptogenesis, likely via an interaction with CB1 receptors. Furthermore, Δ9-THCV caused a dose-related reduction in seizure incidence in an in vivo model of generalized seizures. We conclude that Δ9-THCV is a phytocannabinoid that warrants further investigation as a potentially useful anticonvulsant, either as a standalone agent or more likely as an adjunct to conventional AEDs.” Source Cited